Keep or make
What to keep paying for, and what you could make yourself
An AI app builder can now make a small piece of software in a weekend, which changes what is worth a subscription. We went through all 1,555 tools and asked one question of each: could you make this for yourself?
- 1,331Keep
- It does something you could not reasonably make for yourself, or it costs nothing. 218 of these are free.
- 205Your call
- You could make the core of it, and you would give something up.
- 19Make
- What it does is the kind of thing an AI app builder makes well, and it charges every month.
The ones you could make
Plain at the core, little around it, and a bill every month. Dearest first.
- CheckliWeb checklist maker for recurring processes and shared runsTo-Do Lists · $348 a year
- FictionaryStory-structure software for outlining, writing and editing novelsWriting · $168 a year
- Gingko WriterTree-based writing app that breaks long documents into cardsWriting · $117 a year
- Type.aiAI document editor for books, screenplays and long-form storiesWriting · $96 a year
- Good TodoDay-by-day to-do list for web and iOS that takes tasks by emailTo-Do Lists · $96 a year
- Monica Personal CRMOpen-source personal CRM for friends, family and colleaguesCRM · $90 a year
- FlocusBrowser focus dashboard with timer, to-dos, music and ambient soundsFocus · $60 a year
- BriliVisual routine planner and timer for adults with ADHDHabit Trackers · $49.99 a year
- WeekriseBrowser-based weekly task planner with boards and team sharingDaily Planners · $48 a year
- TasksBoardFull-screen kanban board and list sharing for Google TasksTo-Do Lists · $47.88 a year
- DailyBeanTap-based mood diary that logs a day with icons instead of writingJournaling · $47.88 a year
- TimeTaggerOpen-source time tracker built on tags and a timelineTime Tracking · $40.34 a year
- Dabble MePrivate journal you keep by replying to email promptsJournaling · $40 a year
- ChecklistChecklist app with templates, guided runs and routinesTo-Do Lists · $39.99 a year
- AtomsOfficial Atomic Habits app for building identity-based habitsHabit Trackers · $39.99 a year
- Me+Routine planner and habit tracker with mood loggingHabit Trackers · $39.99 a year
- TeuxDeuxMinimal day-by-day to-do list modeled on a sheet of paperTo-Do Lists · $36 a year
- My DiaryLocked diary with themes, stickers and a mood calendarJournaling · $35.88 a year
- BearableSymptom and mood tracker that links health to daily habitsJournaling · $34.99 a year
Category by category
What each kind of software is at its plainest, where the work really is, and how its tools fall.
AI Meeting Notes
There is no plain version of a meeting note taker. It has to hear a call, tell the speakers apart and turn an hour of talk into notes, which takes speech recognition and a model you would be renting anyway.
48 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: HyNote, Wave AI, Fireflies.ai
AI Assistants
There is no plain version of an AI assistant. The model is the product. You can rent one by the request and put a chat box in front of it, and then you are paying for every answer.
58 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
AI Agents
An agent at its plainest is a model in a loop with a few tools. Making one that does real work without going wrong is the whole difficulty, and it is what these products spend their time on.
52 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
AI Research Tools
There is no plain version of a research tool. It is a library of papers and sources first, and a model that reads them second. You have neither.
28 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Ai2 Asta, Semantic Scholar, ChatPDF
AI App Builders
These are what you would make the other tools with. A builder writes, runs and hosts software for people who cannot. Making one of those is a company.
27 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Voice Dictation
A dictation app at its plainest sends your voice to a speech model and shows the text. Typing that text into whatever app you are in, fast enough to keep up with you, is native code on every system.
28 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: OpenWhispr, TypeWhisper, FluidVoice
Note-Taking Apps
A notes app at its plainest is text in folders with a search box. The work is in an editor that takes whatever you paste, sync that never loses a note, and an app on every device you own.
119 to keep · 28 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Microsoft OneNote, Goodnotes, Joplin
You could make at least the basics of: AllMyNotes Organizer, Antinote, Bebop, Bike Outliner, Bundled Notes, Cloud Outliner, ColorNote, Coppice, Curio, EagleFiler and 18 more
Writing Tools
A writing app at its plainest is a page that saves what you type. Grammar checking, a manuscript's structure and export to what publishers accept are where bought tools earn their price.
42 to keep · 23 your call · 3 you could make
Most worth keeping: Microsoft Word, JotterPad, LibreOffice Writer
You could make at least the basics of: Fictionary, Gingko Writer, Type.ai, 1Writer, 4thewords, Atticus, Beat, Calmly Writer, Cold Turkey Writer, Ellipsus and 16 more
Docs & Wikis
A wiki at its plainest is pages that link to each other. Several people editing one page at once, permissions, and search across everything a company has written are the hard parts.
52 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Zoho Writer, Google Docs, ONLYOFFICE
Whiteboards & Mind Maps
A whiteboard at its plainest is boxes and arrows on a canvas. Keeping it smooth with a room full of people drawing at the same moment is the product.
30 to keep · 1 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Microsoft Whiteboard, draw.io, tldraw
You could make at least the basics of: Scapple
Spreadsheets & Databases
There is no plain version of a spreadsheet: the formulas are the product. A grid is easy to draw. Hundreds of functions that give the same answers as Excel are not.
22 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Zoho Sheet, Google Sheets, Microsoft Excel
Presentations
A slide deck at its plainest is pages of text and pictures. The editor is the product: layout that holds, presenter view, and files that open in PowerPoint.
24 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Microsoft PowerPoint, Zoho Show, Canva
To-Do List Apps
A to-do list at its plainest is tasks with dates, repeats and a box to tick. What takes a company is the reminder that reaches you at the right moment on every device you own.
76 to keep · 43 your call · 5 you could make
Most worth keeping: Apple Reminders, Microsoft To Do, Google Tasks
You could make at least the basics of: Checkli, Checklist, Good Todo, TasksBoard, TeuxDeux, Aida Reminder, beorg, Brisqi, BZ Reminder, Chaos Control and 38 more
Daily Planner Apps
A daily planner at its plainest is today's tasks laid along a timeline. The work is in reading and writing your real calendars and pulling tasks from the tools they live in.
50 to keep · 19 your call · 1 you could make
Most worth keeping: Hero Assistant, LiveIt, Open Sunsama
You could make at least the basics of: Weekrise, Arcush, Blocos, DayCaptain, Ebbi, Emery, Moleskine Planner, Owaves, Pencil Planner, Planmore and 10 more
Calendar & Scheduling
A calendar at its plainest is events on a grid. Talking to Google, Microsoft and Apple calendars in both directions, time zones, and booking pages strangers use are the work.
74 to keep · 2 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Notion Calendar, Google Calendar, World Time Buddy
Email Apps
Email is not something to make. Sending, receiving, spam, and years of mail kept searchable are an operation, not an app.
52 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Microsoft Outlook, BlueMail, Thunderbird
Project Management
A project tool at its plainest is tasks on a board with an owner and a date. A whole team in it at once, permissions, timelines and the connections to everything else are what you pay for.
75 to keep · 1 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: GitHub Issues, Freedcamp, Huly
You could make at least the basics of: Kan
CRM Software
A CRM at its plainest is a table of people and a board of deals. Mail and calendar sync, a team working the same records, and reports a sales manager will trust take a company.
45 to keep · 0 your call · 1 you could make
Most worth keeping: HubSpot, Bigin by Zoho CRM, Bitrix24
You could make at least the basics of: Monica Personal CRM
Team Communication
Chat is only worth having if everyone is in it and it never goes down. That is a service to run around the clock, not an app to make.
34 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Automation
An automation tool is its connections. Hundreds of other products, each connection kept working as that product changes, is a standing job.
41 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Forms & Surveys
A form at its plainest is questions, a button and a table of answers. Logic between questions, payments, file uploads and sending the answers on to other tools add up quickly.
26 to keep · 2 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Google Forms, Jotform, Fillout
You could make at least the basics of: LimeSurvey, Survicate
Focus Apps
A focus timer at its plainest counts down 25 minutes and keeps a log. Blocking sites and apps so that you cannot simply undo it has to be done inside the operating system.
45 to keep · 20 your call · 1 you could make
Most worth keeping: ScreenZen, Flow, Foqos
You could make at least the basics of: Flocus, A Soft Murmur, AppBlock, BePresent, BlockSite, Bloom, Brain.fm, Cold Turkey Blocker, Flora, Focus Friend and 11 more
Time Tracking
A time tracker at its plainest is a start button, a stop button and a table of hours. Noticing by itself what you worked on, and invoices or payroll built on the hours, take a real product.
37 to keep · 5 your call · 1 you could make
Most worth keeping: Jibble, Clockify, TimeCamp
You could make at least the basics of: TimeTagger, ATracker, Buddy Punch, QuickBooks Time, Timelines, Timemator
Habit Trackers
A habit tracker at its plainest is a list of habits, a tick for each day and a count of the streak. The hard part is small but real: a nudge on your phone at the right time, and a widget you see without opening anything.
15 to keep · 26 your call · 3 you could make
Most worth keeping: Habitica, OpenHabitTracker, Table Habit
You could make at least the basics of: Atoms, Brili, Me+, (Not Boring) Habits, Beaver Habit Tracker, Beeminder, Coach.me, Disciplined, Do Habits, Everyday and 19 more
Journaling Apps
A journal at its plainest is dated entries of text and photos. What a bought one adds is privacy done properly and years of entries kept safe.
18 to keep · 14 your call · 4 you could make
Most worth keeping: Apple Journal, Day One, How We Feel
You could make at least the basics of: Bearable, Dabble Me, DailyBean, My Diary, 750 Words, Clearful, Daylio, Diarium, Diaro, Gratitude and 8 more
Read Later & Bookmarks
A read-later list at its plainest is saved links with tags. Pulling a clean article out of any web page, and keeping it readable offline, is the hard part.
31 to keep · 6 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: FeedFlow, Flipboard, Raindrop.io
You could make at least the basics of: BazQux Reader, Feedbin, Miniflux, Pinboard, Reeder, The Old Reader
Screen Recording & Video
There is no plain version of recording and editing video. Capturing a screen with its sound, editing it and hosting the result are three heavy jobs.
53 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: DaVinci Resolve, Zencastr, Cap
Desktop Utilities
It depends on the utility: a converter or a calculator is an afternoon. Anything that reaches into the operating system, such as windows, the clipboard, keys or the menu bar, is native code.
79 to keep · 15 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: LocalSend, Ninite, 7-Zip
You could make at least the basics of: aText, DaisyDisk, Fences, Greenshot, Homerow, Keka, Numi, Pastebot, PopClip, Shottr and 5 more
Browsers
Nobody makes their own browser. The ones here are built on engines that took thousands of people decades.
16 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Password Managers
A password manager is the last thing to make for yourself. It is only worth having if the security is right, and you would not know if yours was wrong.
17 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Bitwarden, Apple Passwords, RoboForm
File Storage & Sync
File storage is disks in a data centre and software that never loses a file. You can rent the disks. Sync that copes with every conflict is the product.
17 to keep · 0 your call · 0 you could make
Most worth keeping: Google Drive, Filen, Microsoft OneDrive
Keep itYour callYou could make this
What is easy to make, and what is not
Every verdict starts here: each thing a tool can do, rated by how hard it is to make for yourself.
Level 1 of 4
An app builder makes it well
Lists, text, counters and timers.
Bookmarks · Calculator · Daily notes · Goals · Habit tracking · Kanban boards · Markdown · Mood tracking · Notes · Pomodoro timer · Reports · Sales pipeline · Tasks · Templates
Level 2 of 4
Takes work, and still yours to make
More moving parts, nothing you would have to rent or fake.
Calendar · Documents · File compression · Forms · Gantt & timelines · Highlights · Invoicing · Issue tracking · Linked notes · Long-form writing · Mind mapping · Natural-language input · Read later · RSS reader · Surveys · Time blocking · Time tracking · Web clipper · Wiki
Level 3 of 4
Hard
Needs native code, heavy lifting or something you would rent.
Auto-scheduling · Booking links · Citations · Clipboard manager · Databases · Diagrams · Disk cleanup · File management · File sharing · Focus music · Grammar & style · Inbox filtering · Menu bar app · Presentations · Screen recording · Screenshots · Site & app blocker · System monitor · Text expansion · Transcription · Whiteboard
Level 4 of 4
Not something to make
An engine, a network or a vault.
AI agents · AI search · App builder · Chat assistant · Dictation · Display control · Email client · File sync · Keyboard and mouse remapping · Launcher · Marketing automation · Meeting notes · No-code · Noise cancellation · Passkeys · Password manager · Research · Shared inbox · Spreadsheets · Team chat · Video calls · Video editing · Web browser · Window management · Workflow automation
Then we count what surrounds the core, because that is usually what you are paying for: real apps on several kinds of device that stay in step, other people using it with you, connections to other products, encryption, hooks into the device such as a watch app or widgets, people on the other end such as coaches, and how much of its job it covers by our own features grade. A tool with enough of these is one to keep however plain its core.
A tool is one you could make only if it scores low on all of that and costs at least $30 a year. A free tool is always one to keep. The ratings are ours and are the same for every tool, and no vendor can pay to change a verdict. More on the method
Common questions
Which software is worth paying for, and which could I make myself?
Of the 1,555 tools here, 1,331 are ones to keep: 218 because they are free, and the rest because they do something a person could not reasonably make, such as run an AI model, sync files, hold passwords or keep a team in step. 205 are a matter of choice: you could make the basics and you would give something up. 19 you could make outright, and they charge every month.
What kinds of software can you make yourself?
The ones whose job is plain at its core: habit trackers (29 of 44), journaling apps (18 of 36), to-do list apps (48 of 124), writing tools (26 of 68), focus apps (21 of 66). A list, a tick box, a timer and a page of text are what an AI app builder makes well.
What kinds of software should you not try to make?
In 16 of the 31 categories here not one tool is makeable: ai meeting notes, ai assistants, ai agents, ai research tools, ai app builders, voice dictation, docs & wikis, spreadsheets & databases and more. They rest on an engine, a network or a vault: an AI model, email delivery, file sync, a password store, a browser.
How is the verdict decided?
From each tool's listing. Every thing a tool can do is rated by how hard it is to make for yourself, from lists and timers at one end to AI models and password vaults at the other. Then what surrounds it is counted: apps on several kinds of device, other people using it with you, connections to other products, encryption, and how much of its job it covers. A tool that scores high is one to keep. A tool that scores low, and charges at least $30 a year, is one you could make. Free tools are always kept, since making your own would save nothing.
Have you built replacements for these tools?
No. This is a judgement about the kind of software each tool is, reasoned from what its own pages say it does. Something you make is also something you look after: it is yours to host, to fix and to back up.
What does it cost to make your own?
Your time, and a tool to make it with. The middle starting price of the AI app builders listed here is $19 a month, and you only need one while you are building. Hosting a small app for yourself is usually free or a few dollars a month.